{"id":16856,"date":"2025-05-22T11:57:06","date_gmt":"2025-05-22T08:57:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/maslak.wata.cc\/?p=16856"},"modified":"2025-05-22T11:57:06","modified_gmt":"2025-05-22T08:57:06","slug":"%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d8%ad%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%af%d9%88%d9%8a-1917-2002","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/maslak.wata.cc\/?p=16856","title":{"rendered":"\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a (1917-2002)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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1. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0631\u0633. \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064d\u0651\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062c\u0631: \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062c\u0631 (1889-1976) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642. \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1944 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a”\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062c\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 “\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646” (Sein und Zeit). \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062c\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a”\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: “\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647”. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 (1934-1937) \u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062c\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062f: \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062f (1813-1855) \u0623\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 (\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062c\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0644) \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0630\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0639\u062c\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631: \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631 (1905-1980)\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647. \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 “\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0631\u0633: \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0631\u0633 (1883-1969) \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0634\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 “\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629”. \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0631\u0633 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000\u060c \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0637\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646: \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1944\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0644: “\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649”\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0632\u0643\u064a \u0646\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645: \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0630\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647: \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629: \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 “\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0629”. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0646: \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 “\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0646”\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062b\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 “\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0641\u0629”. \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 “\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0636\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0647” \u0648”\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0646”\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u062c\u0644\u060c \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0635\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647. \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0628\u0647\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 “\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629” \u0648”\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645”\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062c\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0630\u0639 \u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0637\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a. \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0646\u0632\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a (Author of \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645) – www.goodreads.com<\/a>[](https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/author\/show\/2706100._<\/a>) (http:\/\/www.goodreads.com<\/a>[](https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/author\/show\/2706100._<\/a>))<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-: download books abd alrahman badawi pdf – Noor Library – www.noor-book.com<\/a>[](https:\/\/www.noor-book.com\/en\/ebooks-Abdul-rahman-Badawi-pdf<\/a>) (http:\/\/www.noor-book.com<\/a>[](https:\/\/www.noor-book.com\/en\/ebooks-Abdul-rahman-Badawi-pdf<\/a>))<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-: \u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a | \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u062a – www.aljazeera.net<\/a>[](https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/…\/%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A8%25D9…<\/a>) (http:\/\/www.aljazeera.net<\/a>[](https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/…\/%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A8%25D9…<\/a>))<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-: \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 – \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0646 – islamonline.net<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

-: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a Quotes (Author of \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645) – www.goodreads.com<\/a>[](https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/author\/quotes\/2706100._<\/a>) (http:\/\/www.goodreads.com<\/a>[](https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/author\/quotes\/2706100._<\/a>))<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a – \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 – ar.m.wikipedia.org<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

-: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647: \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629\u061f – www.noonpost.com<\/a>[](https:\/\/www.noonpost.com\/content\/41694\/<\/a>) (http:\/\/www.noonpost.com<\/a>[](https:\/\/www.noonpost.com\/content\/41694\/<\/a>))<\/p>\n\n\n\n

-: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a .. \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 – mawhopon.net<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a (1917-2002)\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0647. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644. \u0641\u064a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16857,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16856","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-24","category-5"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/maslak.wata.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16856","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/maslak.wata.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/maslak.wata.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maslak.wata.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maslak.wata.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16856"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/maslak.wata.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16856\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16862,"href":"https:\/\/maslak.wata.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16856\/revisions\/16862"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maslak.wata.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/16857"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/maslak.wata.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16856"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maslak.wata.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16856"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maslak.wata.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16856"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}